Ingredient |
Amount |
Substitution |
Allspice |
1 teaspoon |
1/2 teaspoon cinnamon, 1/4 teaspoon ginger, and 1/4
teaspoon cloves |
Arrowroot starch |
1 teaspoon |
1 tablespoon flour OR 1 teaspoon
cornstarch |
Baking mix |
1 cup |
1 cup pancake mix OR 1 cup Easy Biscuit Mixture |
Baking powder |
1 teaspoon |
1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 teaspoon cream of
tartar OR 1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 cup buttermilk
(decrease liquid in recipe by 1/2 cup) |
Baking soda |
1 teaspoon |
4 teaspoons baking powder OR 1 teaspoon
potassium bicarbonate and 1/3 teaspoon salt. NOTE: If the
recipe calls for an acidic liquid such as sour cream, yogurt, buttermilk,
vinegar, molasses, or citrus juice, you should replace it with the same
amount of whole milk |
Beer |
1 cup |
1 cup nonalcoholic beer OR 1 cup chicken
broth |
Brandy |
1/4 cup |
1 teaspoon imitation brandy extract plus enough water to
make 1/4 cup |
Bread crumbs |
1 cup |
1 cup cracker crumbs OR 1 cup matzo
meal OR 1 cup ground oats |
Broth: beef or chicken |
1 cup |
1 bouillon cube plus 1 cup boiling water OR 1
tablespoon soy sauce plus enough water to make 1 cup OR 1
cup vegetable broth |
Brown sugar |
1 cup, packed |
1 cup white sugar plus 1/4 cup molasses and decrease the
liquid in recipe by 1/4 cup OR 1 cup white sugar OR 1
1/4 cups confectioners' sugar |
Butter (salted) |
1 cup |
1 cup margarine OR 1 cup shortening plus
1/2 teaspoon salt OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil plus 1/2 teaspoon
salt OR 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 teaspoon salt |
Butter (unsalted) |
1 cup |
1 cup shortening OR 7/8 cup vegetable
oil OR 7/8 cup lard |
Buttermilk |
1 cup |
1 cup yogurt OR 1 tablespoon lemon juice
or vinegar plus enough milk to make 1 cup |
Cheddar cheese |
1 cup shredded |
1 cup shredded Colby cheddar OR 1 cup
shredded Monterey Jack cheese |
Chervil |
1 tablespoon chopped fresh |
1 tablespoon chopped fresh parsley |
Chicken base |
1 tablespoon |
1 cup canned or homemade chicken broth or stock. Reduce
liquid in recipe by 1 cup |
Chocolate(semisweet) |
1 ounce |
1 (1-ounce) square of unsweetened chocolate plus 4
teaspoons sugar OR 1 ounce semisweet chocolate chips plus 1
teaspoon shortening |
Chocolate (unsweetened) |
1 ounce |
3 tablespoons unsweetened cocoa plus 1 tablespoon
shortening or vegetable oil |
Cocoa |
1/4 cup |
1 (1-ounce) square unsweetened chocolate |
Condensed cream of mushroom soup |
1 (10.75-ounce) can |
1 (10.75-ounce) can condensed cream of celery, cream of
chicken, or golden mushroom soup |
Corn syrup |
1 cup |
1 1/4 cup white sugar plus 1/3 cup water OR 1
cup honey OR 1 cup light treacle syrup |
Cottage cheese |
1 cup |
1 cup farmer's cheese OR 1 cup ricotta
cheese |
Cracker crumbs |
1 cup |
1 cup bread crumbs OR 1 cup matzo mealOR 1
cup ground oats |
Cream (half and half) |
1 cup |
7/8 cup milk plus 1 tablespoon butter |
Cream (heavy) |
1 cup |
1 cup evaporated milk OR 3/4 cup milk
plus 1/3 cup butter |
Cream (light) |
1 cup |
1 cup evaporated milk OR 3/4 cup milk
plus 3 tablespoons butter |
Cream (whipped) |
1 cup |
1 cup frozen whipped topping, thawed |
Cream cheese |
1 cup |
1 cup pureed cottage cheese OR 1 cup
plain yogurt, strained overnight in a cheesecloth |
Cream of tartar |
1 teaspoon |
2 teaspoons lemon juice or vinegar |
Crème fraiche |
1 cup |
Combine 1 cup of heavy cream and 1 tablespoon of plain
yogurt. Let stand for 6 hours at room temperature |
Egg |
1 whole (3 tablespoons or 1.7 oz) |
2 1/2 tablespoons of powdered egg substitute plus 2 1/2
tablespoons water OR 1/4 cup liquid egg substitute OR 1/4
cup silken tofu pureed OR 3 tablespoons mayonnaise OR half
a banana mashed with 1/2 teaspoon baking powder OR 1
tablespoon powdered flax seed soaked in 3 tablespoons water |
Evaporated milk |
1 cup |
1 cup light cream |
Farmer's cheese |
8 ounces |
8 ounces dry cottage cheese OR 8 ounces
creamed cottage cheese, drained |
Fats for baking |
1 cup |
1 cup applesauce OR 1 cup fruit puree |
Flour--Bread |
1 cup |
1 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 teaspoon wheat gluten
(available at health food stores & some supermarkets) |
Flour--Cake |
1 cup |
1 cup all-purpose flour minus 2 tablespoons |
Flour--Self-Rising |
1 cup |
7/8 cup all-purpose flour plus 1 1/2 teaspoons baking
powder and 1/2 teaspoon of salt |
Garlic |
1 clove |
1/8 teaspoon garlic powder OR 1/2
teaspoon granulated garlic OR 1/2 teaspoon garlic
salt--reduce salt in recipe |
Gelatin |
1 tablespoon, granulated |
2 teaspoons agar agar |
Ginger--dry |
1 teaspoon |
2 teaspoons chopped fresh ginger |
Ginger--fresh |
1 teaspoon, minced |
1/2 teaspoon ground dried ginger |
Green onion |
1/2 cup , chopped |
1/2 cup chopped onion OR 1/2 cup chopped
leek OR 1/2 cup chopped shallots |
Hazelnuts |
1 cup whole |
1 cup macadamia nuts OR 1 cup almonds |
Herbs--fresh |
1 tablespoon chopped fresh |
1 teaspoon (chopped or whole leaf) dried herbs |
Herring |
8 ounces |
8 ounces of sardines |
Honey |
1 cup |
1 1/4 cup white sugar plus 1/3 cup water OR 1
cup corn syrup OR 1 cup light treacle syrup |
Hot pepper sauce |
1 teaspoon |
3/4 teaspoon cayenne pepper plus 1 teaspoon vinegar |
Ketchup |
1 cup |
1 cup tomato sauce plus 1 teaspoon vinegar plus 1
tablespoon sugar |
Lard |
1 cup |
1 cup shortening OR 7/8 cup vegetable
oil OR 1 cup butter |
Lemon grass |
2 fresh stalks |
1 tablespoon lemon zest |
Lemon juice |
1 teaspoon |
1/2 teaspoon vinegar OR 1 teaspoon white
wine OR 1 teaspoon lime juice |
Lemon zest |
1 teaspoon |
1/2 teaspoon lemon extract OR 2
tablespoons lemon juice |
Lime juice |
1 teaspoon |
1 teaspoon vinegar OR 1 teaspoon white
wine OR 1 teaspoon lemon juice |
Lime zest |
1 teaspoon |
1 teaspoon lemon zest |
Macadamia nuts |
1 cup |
1 cup almonds OR 1 cup hazelnuts |
Mace |
1 teaspoon |
1 teaspoon nutmeg |
Margarine |
1 cup |
1 cup shortening plus 1/2 teaspoon salt OR 1
cup butter OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil plus 1/2 teaspoon
salt OR 7/8 cup lard plus 1/2 teaspoon salt |
Mayonnaise |
1 cup |
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup plain yogurt |
Milk--whole |
1 cup |
1 cup soy milk OR 1 cup rice milk OR 1
cup water or juice OR 1/4 cup dry milk powder plus 1 cup
water OR 2/3 cup evaporated milk plus 1/3 cup water |
Mint--fresh |
1/4 cup chopped |
1 tablespoon dried mint leaves |
Molasses |
1 cup |
Mix 3/4 cup brown sugar and 1 teaspoon cream of tartar |
Mustard--prepared |
1 tablespoon |
Mix together 1 tablespoon dried mustard, 1 teaspoon water,
1 teaspoon vinegar and 1 teaspoon sugar |
Onion |
1 cup, chopped |
1 cup chopped green onions OR 1 cup
chopped shallots OR 1 cup chopped leeks OR 1/4
cup dried minced onion OR 1/4 cup onion powder |
Orange juice |
1 tablespoon |
1 tablespoon other citrus juice |
Orange zest |
1 tablespoon |
1/2 teaspoon orange extract OR 1 teaspoon
lemon juice |
Parmesan cheese |
1/2 cup, grated |
1/2 cup grated Asiago cheese OR 1/2 cup
grated Romano cheese |
Parsley |
1 tablespoon chopped fresh |
1 tablespoon chopped fresh chervil OR 1
teaspoon dried parsley |
Pepperoni |
1 ounce |
1 ounce salami |
Raisin |
1 cup |
1 cup dried currants OR 1 cup dried
cranberries OR 1 cup chopped pitted prunes |
Rice--white |
1 cup, cooked |
1 cup cooked barley OR 1 cup cooked
bulgur OR 1 cup cooked brown or wild rice |
Ricotta |
1 cup |
1 cup dry cottage cheese OR 1 cup silken
tofu |
Rum |
1 tablespoon |
1/2 teaspoon rum extract, plus enough water to make 1
tablespoon |
Saffron |
1/4 teaspoon |
1/4 teaspoon turmeric |
Salami |
1 ounce |
1 ounce pepperoni |
Semisweet chocolate chips |
1 cup |
1 cup chocolate candies OR 1 cup peanut
butter or other flavored chips OR 1 cup chopped nuts OR 1
cup chopped dried fruit |
Shallots, chopped |
1/2 cup |
1/2 cup chopped onion, OR 1/2 cup chopped
leek OR 1/2 cup chopped green onion |
Shortening |
1 cup |
1 cup butter OR 1 cup margarine minus 1/2
teaspoon salt from recipe |
Sour cream |
1 cup |
1 cup plain yogurt OR 1 tablespoon lemon
juice or vinegar plus enough cream to make 1 cup OR 3/4 cup
buttermilk mixed with 1/3 cup butter |
Sour milk |
1 cup |
1 tablespoon vinegar or lemon juice mixed with enough milk
to make 1 cup: Let stand 5 minutes to thicken |
Soy sauce |
1/2 cup |
1/4 cup Worcestershire sauce mixed with 1 tablespoon
water |
Stock--beef or chicken |
1 cup |
1 cube beef or chicken bouillon dissolved in 1 cup water |
Sweetened condensed milk |
1 (14-ounce) can |
3/4 cup white sugar mixed with 1/2 cup water and 1 1/8
cups dry powdered milk: Bring to a boil and cook, stirring frequently, until
thickened, about 20 minutes |
Vegetable oil--for baking |
1 cup |
1 cup applesauce OR 1 cup fruit puree |
Vegetable oil--for frying |
1 cup |
1 cup lard OR 1 cup vegetable shortening |
Vinegar |
1 teaspoon |
1 teaspoon lemon or lime juice OR 2
teaspoons white wine |
White sugar |
1 cup |
1 cup brown sugar OR 1 1/4 cups
confectioners' sugar OR 3/4 cup honey OR 3/4
cup corn syrup |
Wine |
1 cup |
1 cup chicken or beef broth OR 1 cup
fruit juice mixed with 2 teaspoons vinegar OR 1 cup water |
Yeast-active dry |
1 (.25-ounce) package |
1 cake compressed yeast OR 2 1/2 teaspoons
active dry yeast OR 2 1/2 teaspoons rapid rise yeast |
Yogurt |
1 cup |
1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup
buttermilk OR 1 cup sour milk |
Wednesday, September 9, 2020
Ingredient Substitution Table
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